Supporters highlight the utility of CP in preventing the spread of infection, controlling outbreaks, and protecting healthcare workers from certain transmissible diseases. Despite current guidelines, cluster-randomized trials have not shown a benefit of initiating CP over usual care for the prevention of acquiring MRSA or VRE in the hospital.
In addition, a prospective trial at a large academic center over two six-month intervals utilized universal gloving with emollient-impregnated gloves compared with CP and found no difference in MDRO acquisition.
Universal gloving was associated with higher hand hygiene rates than CP. Multiple studies have examined the deleterious effects of CP, including a comprehensive systematic literature review of various adverse outcomes linked with CP. These events included postoperative respiratory failure, hemorrhage or hematoma, thrombosis, wound dehiscence, pressure ulcers, and falls or trauma. The financial costs of unnecessary CP have also been studied.
Patients isolated for MRSA were 4. Contact precautions for MRSA and VRE should be used to interrupt transmission during uncontrolled outbreaks, and in patients with open wounds, uncontained secretions, or incontinent diarrhea. In addition, there are other commonly encountered organisms for which CP should be continued. CP should be used for active Clostridium difficile infection to prevent transmission. Less often, they can cause more serious infections of the blood, urinary tract or other body tissues.
Vancomycin is an antibiotic medication that is used to treat serious infections caused by organisms that are resistant to other antibiotics such as penicillins. VRE are not easier to catch and do not cause more severe infections than other Enterococci , but they are much more difficult to treat.
The antibiotic vancomycin is one of the few antibiotics that can treat serious infections caused by some Enterococci. Infections caused by VRE may be very hard to treat. The most common way VRE spreads from person to person is by direct contact, usually with the hands. If your hands become contaminated, the VRE bacteria can enter your body if you put your hands into your mouth or eat something without first cleaning your hands.
Food can be contaminated if the person preparing the food does not wash their hands before making and serving the food. If you are healthy and living in the community, your chances of becoming infected with VRE are low, even if you have been in contact with someone with VRE. You may be at higher risk if you have been treated with frequent doses of vancomycin before, or if you have stayed for a long time in a hospital where there have been previous VRE cases. Patients whose immune systems are suppressed are also at greater risk of getting sick from VRE.
Currently in Canada, VRE infections are very uncommon. Some people are identified as carriers of VRE by routine testing of skin and anal swabs done before or during a stay in hospital. Others may be identified when testing is done if a VRE infection occurs. In British Columbia, there have been some reports of VRE cases from across the province, with several cases of VRE in patients reported from a few hospitals.
Healthy people may carry VRE for weeks or even years, and may clear the bacteria from their bodies without treatment. However, if you have had a serious VRE infection, the infection can come back again, particularly after treatment with vancomycin or other antibiotics that are not effective.
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